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test(ci): prove the drop-in claim against upstream's suites, the reference CLI and real consumers - #609

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@polaz polaz commented Oct 18, 2026 •

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Summary

  • Upstream zstd's own command-line suites (v1.5.7 tests/playTests.sh and tests/cli-tests) run against our zstd in CI on Linux and macOS, and pass.
  • Our CLI is cross-validated against the reference CLI on silesia, canterbury, the first MiB of enwik8 and the decodecorpus fixtures: every file round-trips both ways, and size and time ratios are held to 1.05 and 1.5 (time where the reference's run reaches a second, below which process start-up dominates) and charted on the bench dashboard.
  • Real programs built against the reference library run with ours swapped in: GNU tar, zstdcat, bsdtar and rsync.
  • The CLI and encoder fixes the suites needed.

Changes

  • CLI, matching the reference command where scripts read it: a level past the scale is reduced, -# levels read as 32-bit values, the summary stays under -q --progress, outputs take their source's timestamps, a forced output may replace a later input, -vv prints the compression parameters, --train replaces an existing dictionary and refuses to compress the dictionary with itself, the training memory limit and decoding failures are reported as the reference reports them, -b with any spelling of decompression benchmarks decoding alone, --format=zstd overrides the format a tool name selects, -T notes that multi-threading is disabled, the other tool names (zstdmt, unzstd, zstdcat) are answered, sizes and refusals use the reference's wording, and --version names this tool.
  • C ABI: ZSTD_decompressStream holds back a decoded frame's last input byte until its output is all handed out, so a caller that stops on empty input inside an open frame (libarchive's reader) does not see a finished frame as truncated.
  • Encoder: the LDM hash rate and bucket size are derived as upstream derives them, and btultra2's statistics pass runs with long-distance matching on.
  • scripts/upstream-conformance.sh runs the pinned upstream suites; the cases this build cannot run are listed in it with their reasons.
  • scripts/cross-validate.sh + scripts/cross_validate.py: the reference CLI built from the pinned release, corpora fetched against their digests, both tools --single-thread.
  • scripts/reverse-deps.sh: a preloaded run counts only when the dynamic linker bound the program's ZSTD_* calls to our object; at least three consumers must pass.
  • CI: conformance and reverse-deps on every pull request; cross-validate on push to main, publishing benchmark-xval.json to the dashboard; merge-wasm-bench.py becomes the shared merge-timeseries.py.
  • Dashboard: a cross-validation section with the size and time ratios per corpus and level over time; BENCHMARKS.md documents it.

Testing

  • fmt, clippy in every CI configuration, rustdoc, the codec suites, the C ABI tests, the FFI parity tests and doctests pass locally.
  • On Linux x86_64: the upstream suites including --test-large-data, the cross-validation matrix and the reverse-dependency run pass. The one time ratio near its limit is silesia at -3 (1.36-1.52), a codec gap tracked in perf(encode): level 3 compresses large text at 1.7x libzstd's time #606.

Closes #132

Summary by CodeRabbit

  • New Features

    • Added benchmark comparisons against the reference CLI, with charts for compression size and time across corpora, levels, and snapshots.
    • Improved CLI compatibility with familiar command-line behaviors, including program-name presets, compression-level handling, and benchmark options.
    • Added a way to inspect the combined content size of concatenated frames when their sizes are known.
  • Bug Fixes

    • Improved streaming decompression completion reporting when decoded output remains to be delivered.
    • Improved CLI error messages, progress summaries, and preservation of source file modification times.

polaz added 24 commits October 19, 2026 00:40
- `zstd -99` compresses at 19 (22 under --ultra) with the warning,
  and a level below the scale at the fastest one, as the reference
  command and library do; it was refused as out of range
- the benchmark range is bounded by the scale alone: the reference
  benchmarks before its --ultra gate, so -b20 measures level 20

Regression tests: levels_past_the_scale_are_reduced_to_it,
benchmark_range_is_bounded_by_the_scale_alone.

Part of #132
The reference reads the digits as an unsigned value and takes it as an
int, so -4294967295 is level -1 there; it was refused as too large.

Regression test: levels_past_the_scale_are_reduced_to_it.

Part of #132
The reference prints the result summary at level 2, or at level 1 when
--progress forces the display, so `-q --progress` still reports the
size; ours dropped it at -q.

Regression test: forced_progress_keeps_the_summary_under_quiet.

Part of #132
The reference command sets the output's modification time from a regular
source file, compressing and decompressing alike, so a round trip
restores the original's date; ours left the time of writing.

Regression test: an_output_keeps_the_source_modification_time.

Part of #132
Under -f the reference command writes an output derived from an early
input over a later input of that name and then compresses it in turn
(its own suite runs `zstd -f tmp*` over tmp and tmp.zst). Ours refused
the whole run, and compared every input with every other through the
filesystem, so a long --filelist took quadratic time and stalled.

Regression test: an_output_may_land_on_a_later_input_under_force.

Part of #132
At -vv the reference command prints, per input, the parameters it
compresses with as the --zstd= option that reproduces them
(printActualCParams); ours printed nothing.

Regression test: actual_cparams_print_as_the_zstd_option.

Part of #132
The reference trainer writes its output with `fopen(dictFileName, "wb")`
(`DiB_saveDict`), replacing a file already there; ours refused without
`-f`. Scripts written for the reference retrain into the same path, and
upstream's playTests.sh does exactly that, so the refusal broke a
drop-in caller. A sample named as the output is still refused, since
writing there would destroy the sample.
The reference skips an input that is the `-D` dictionary or the
`--patch-from` reference, comparing the two as files, with "cannot use
%s as an input file and dictionary", and the run fails
(`FIO_compressFilename_srcFile`). Ours compressed it. Now the input is
refused the same way, by file identity so a respelled path or a hard
link is caught too; the run's other inputs still compress, and
decompression is untouched. Upstream's playTests.sh checks that the
command fails.
`--train` already capped what it loads at `-M`, but said nothing about
it. The reference's trainer warns that a manual limit is set and, when
the samples hold more than it will load, says how much it trains on
(`DiB_trainFromFiles`): "!  Warning : setting manual memory limit for
dictionary training data at N MB" and "Training samples set too large
(N MB); training on M MB only...". Both are now printed at the same
levels, with the sample total counted as there (whole files under -B,
the first 128 KiB of each without). Upstream's playTests.sh greps for
both lines.
The reference takes `-d` alongside `-b` as a decode-only benchmark, in
either order (`zstdcli.c`, `BMK_decodeOnly`): the inputs are frames,
each file is decoded whole at the size its frames declare, and the
result line reports level 0 with no compression speed. Ours read `-d`
as plain decompression, so `zstd -b -d -i0 tmp1.zst` decompressed into
`tmp1` and stopped at the overwrite prompt. Input whose size the frames
do not declare, and input that is not frames, are refused with the
reference's messages; upstream's playTests.sh checks both outcomes.

The sum of the sizes a run of frames declares moves into the codec as
`decoding::find_decompressed_size`, which the C ABI's
`ZSTD_findDecompressedSize` now calls rather than computing it itself.
A reference built without threads takes `-T#` / `--threads=#` and, when
compressing with a count above zero, prints "Note : multi-threading is
disabled" (`FIO_setNbWorkers`). Ours took the count silently. Scripts
read the note to tell a single-threaded build apart: upstream's
playTests.sh skips its multi-threaded scenarios on it, and without it
ran an `ovlog` check whose sizes only a multi-threaded encoder can
move. The count is now kept, `--single-thread` sets it to zero, and the
note is printed at the same level for compression runs.
The reference command changes behaviour by the name it is run as:
gzcat is another zcat; gunzip, unxz and unlzma decompress and remove
the source, unlz4 decompresses; gzip, xz, lzma and lz4 select that
format (gzip at its own default level 6, ahead of ZSTD_CLEVEL). Ours
knew only unzstd, zstdcat and zcat, so `gzcat file` compressed it.

This build writes and reads zstd only, so the foreign formats behave
as the reference built without their codecs:
- compressing to one stops the run with status 20 before anything is
  written or removed (fileio.c EXM_THROW(20, ...)), which needed an
  error that carries an exit status of its own;
- a gzip, xz, lzma or lz4 stream met while decoding is named and
  refused, pass-through included, instead of being called an
  unsupported format or copied through as compressed bytes.

Upstream's cli-tests gzip-compat now passes, and pass-through gets
past the zcat/gzcat calls.
The reference command names the input in every decoding failure, in
two shapes (fileio.c 2463, 2748-2796): `zstd: NAME: unsupported
format` for input that is not a frame, and `NAME : Decoding error (36)
: <libzstd message>` for a frame that fails, each line of a multi-line
report named. Ours printed no name, and a frame failure came out as a
Rust debug dump (`invalid zstd frame: DictIdMismatch { .. }`).

- Decoding failures carry their shape and are named where the input is
  known; a frame failure prints libzstd's message for its class.
- A decoded input that fails no longer ends a run over several: it is
  reported and the next input decoded, as the reference goes on
  (FIO_decompressMultipleFilenames). A compressed input that fails
  still ends the run, since its half-written frame would corrupt
  every frame after it.
- A passed-through input prints no result line, and result and
  decoding lines keep the reference's trailing space.

The class a decoder error falls in (libzstd's stable error code) was
decided in the C API, where the command line could not reach it. It
now lives in the codec as `ErrorCode` with `FrameDecoderError::code`;
the C API translates it to `ZSTD_ErrorCode`, and a test holds the two
message tables equal.

Upstream's cli-tests pass-through and dictionary-mismatch now pass.
Two departures from ZSTD_ldm_adjustParameters (zstd_ldm.c:135-167):

- A pinned hash log at or above the window leaves the hash rate at 0,
  a split at every position; the strategy's rate applies only when no
  hash log is pinned (the `else` belongs to `hashLog > 0`). Ours fell
  through to the strategy's rate. `--max` on a small input lands here:
  the window shrinks to the source while the hash log stays at its
  maximum.
- The bucket size log is capped at the hash log after both are
  derived, so a bucket is never larger than its table. Ours kept a
  pinned or derived bucket size above a small hash log.

Unpinned parameters on windows of 1 KiB and up derive as before.
…hing

btultra2 parses the first block of a frame twice, the first time only
to seed its price statistics. Ours skipped that pass whenever the
long-distance matcher had found anything in the block, reading
upstream's "no ldm" condition as "no long-distance matches". Upstream
tests that the sequence store is empty (zstd_opt.c:1534), and for
btopt and up ZSTD_ldm_blockCompress hands the matches to the parser as
candidates and leaves the store empty (zstd_ldm.c:698-704), so the
pass runs. Both passes see the same candidates from the block's start.

The skipped pass priced the first block from default statistics:
`--max` on a 64 KiB input came out 52 bytes larger than `-19`, which
upstream's cli-tests levels.sh refuses (18988 -> 18936 B, upstream
18936). z000033 at -19 --long: 426539 -> 426039 B (upstream 426496).
The time added is the first block's second parse, what upstream pays.

The test that pinned the skip passed for another reason (window and
block lengths differed); it now asserts the pass runs.
Upstream's cli-tests compare the command's output line for line, and
scripts written against it read the same lines. Ours phrased its
refusals its own way and dumped the usage after every one.

- An argument the command does not take reads `Incorrect parameter: X`
  followed by the usage (badUsage), X being the one short flag or the
  whole long argument; that covers values --adapt=, --zstd= and the
  --train-*= options cannot read.
- A number that overflows, or a value that is not a number, gets the
  reference's one line and no usage (errorOut, NEXT_UINT32), as does
  an empty --output-dir-*=.
- --rsyncable and --adapt are taken and change nothing, as in the
  reference built without threads, and refused with status 1 only
  beside an explicit single thread (FIO_setRsyncable,
  FIO_setAdaptiveMode). --rsyncable used to be refused outright.
- Training on no samples, or fewer than five, prints the trainer's
  advice and `Error 14 : nb of samples too low`, status 14.
- `can't stat` prints the system's description without the
  `(os error N)` the standard library appends, and the usage, the
  threads note, the ZSTD_CLEVEL / ZSTD_NBTHREADS warnings and the
  input refusals keep the reference's trailing space.

Context added on the way up (`invalid --maxdict size: ...`) no longer
wraps a line that is already the reference's own.

Upstream's cli-tests now pass 25 of 41; playTests.sh still passes in
full.
- Sizes take the reference's precision (UTIL_makeHumanReadableSize):
  none for a count of bytes or a hundred units and up, one from ten,
  two above one and three at exactly one unit, so a 1 GiB window reads
  `1.000 GiB` and 8 MiB `8.00 MiB` where ours dropped the decimals of
  any whole number of units.
- `-l` at -vv prints sizes as exact byte counts, as the reference's one
  display level governs its size formatting.
- The parameters -vv shows carry the window `--long` sets when
  `--zstd=` names none (zstdcli.c:1127-1129).

Upstream's cli-tests verbose-wlog and window-resize now pass.
scripts/upstream-conformance.sh unpacks the pinned v1.5.7 release
tarball (digest checked against the one upstream publishes), builds
its datagen, and runs tests/playTests.sh and tests/cli-tests against
the given binary, in a work directory of its own. It is the one
entry point for a local run and for CI.

Three cli-tests groups are left out, each with its reason in the
script: file-stat/ traces the reference's internal C helpers by name,
and adapt.sh and multi-threaded.sh need a multi-threaded build, which
upstream's own single-threaded build fails as well.
`zstd -V` printed `zstd version 1.5.7 (structured-zstd vX)`, which
presents the command as zstd 1.5.7. It now names itself:
`structured-zstd vX by Structured World`. `-qV` still prints only the
format version it implements, the number scripts compare for feature
checks.

The conformance script leaves out the cli-tests that expect the
reference's own banner and progress wording (basic/version.sh,
progress/).
A `conformance` job builds the release CLI and runs
scripts/upstream-conformance.sh against it, on ubuntu-latest and
macos-latest; `CI result` waits for it. The script is made executable.
- scripts/cross_validate.py decodes every file of every corpus at every
  level both ways between our zstd and the reference's (A1, A2) and
  through ours alone (A3), and holds the summed compressed size and
  compression time per (corpus, level) to given limits.
- scripts/reverse-deps.sh runs GNU tar --zstd and zstdcat with our
  command, and bsdtar and rsync with our shared object preloaded,
  counting a preloaded run only when the dynamic linker bound its ZSTD_*
  calls to our object.

Part of #132
Under pipefail, `cat log | grep -q` failed whenever the log outgrew the
pipe buffer: grep stopped at the first hit, cat died of SIGPIPE, and the
pipeline read as no match, so a run bound to our library was reported
as not bound. grep now reads the logs itself, the ldd check matches on
a captured string, and a missing input file stops the script up front
instead of failing later on a path that was never resolved.
scripts/cross-validate.sh builds the reference CLI from the pinned
upstream release, downloads silesia, canterbury and enwik8 against their
digests, and runs cross_validate.py over them and the decodecorpus
fixtures. The release pin and the verified download move to
scripts/upstream-zstd.sh, shared with upstream-conformance.sh.

Both tools compress with --single-thread: the reference otherwise works
in worker threads, and its time would measure their overlap with I/O
rather than the codec.
- reverse-deps (every pull request, Linux): GNU tar, zstdcat, bsdtar and
  rsync run with our CLI and shared object swapped in.
- cross-validate (push to main): scripts/cross-validate.sh against the
  reference CLI, merged into gh-pages/dev/bench/benchmark-xval.json even
  when a limit fails, and the job fails afterwards.
- The dashboard gains a cross-validation section: size and time ratios
  per corpus and level over time, limits dashed.
- merge-wasm-bench.py becomes merge-timeseries.py, shared by the wasm and
  cross-validation publishers; cross_validate.py --json writes its run in
  that layout.
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Review in Change Stack →

📝 Walkthrough

This pull request updates structured CLI behavior, decoder and C API behavior, and compression parameter derivation. It adds upstream conformance, reverse-dependency, and cross-validation checks, plus timeseries publishing and a cross-validation dashboard.

Changes: Validation and benchmark publishing

Layer / File(s) Summary
Cross-validation harness
scripts/cross-validate.sh, scripts/cross_validate.py, scripts/upstream-zstd.sh, BENCHMARKS.md
The harness verifies downloaded corpora and a pinned reference release, compares round trips, compressed size, and compression time, and can write JSON results. Documentation describes the matrix, thresholds, and recorded metrics.
Timeseries publishing and dashboard
.github/scripts/merge-timeseries.py, .github/scripts/parse-wasm-bench.py, .github/workflows/ci.yml, .github/bench-dashboard/index.html, BENCHMARKS.md
The shared merger accepts required timeseries paths and retains run-payload fields. CI publishes cross-validation and wasm records. The dashboard loads cross-validation data, handles unavailable data and errors, and plots size and time ratios by corpus and level.
Conformance and reverse-dependency CI
.github/workflows/ci.yml, scripts/upstream-conformance.sh, scripts/reverse-deps.sh, scripts/upstream-zstd.sh
CI runs upstream conformance checks on Ubuntu and macOS and reverse-dependency checks on Ubuntu. The CI result job now includes both jobs.

Structured CLI behavior

Layer / File(s) Summary
CLI options, presets, and errors
zstd/src/bin/structured-zstd/main.rs, zstd/src/bin/structured-zstd/tests.rs
Argument parsing and program-name presets now configure output format and mode settings. Error reporting, level handling, and incompatibility checks are updated, with tests for the changed behavior.
Compression, decompression, and file handling
zstd/src/bin/structured-zstd/main.rs, zstd/src/bin/structured-zstd/tests.rs
Decompression distinguishes decoded frames from pass-through input, identifies foreign formats, and reports input-specific failures. File handling changes include output/input collisions, dictionary checks, and source modification-time preservation.
Decode benchmarks and dictionary training
zstd/src/bin/structured-zstd/main.rs, zstd/src/bin/structured-zstd/tests.rs
Benchmark mode can measure decoding and checks input, output, dictionary, and memory constraints. Training reports too-few-sample errors and load-budget notices; dictionary output can replace an existing regular file.
Progress and size reporting
zstd/src/bin/structured-zstd/display.rs, zstd/src/bin/structured-zstd/display/tests.rs, zstd/src/bin/structured-zstd/main.rs
Summary visibility follows the progress setting. Human-size and archive-size formatting use updated precision and verbosity rules.

Decoder and C API contracts

Layer / File(s) Summary
Error codes and frame-size inspection
zstd/src/decoding/errors.rs, zstd/src/decoding/mod.rs, zstd/src/decoding/errors/tests.rs, zstd/src/decoding/frame_inspection_tests.rs
The decoding crate adds libzstd-compatible error classifications and messages, plus a helper that sums declared content sizes across frames. Tests cover error mappings and frame-inspection outcomes.
C API error and frame-size mapping
c-api/src/error.rs, c-api/src/frame.rs, c-api/src/tests.rs
The C API delegates error-code classification and decompressed-size inspection to the shared decoding APIs. A test compares C API and codec error messages.
Streaming decompression input handling
c-api/src/context.rs, c-api/src/streaming.rs, c-api/src/tests/streams.rs
The decompression context tracks a held input byte. Streaming completion and input consumption change when decoded output remains pending; regression tests cover writer and reader record boundaries.

Compression parameter derivation

Layer / File(s) Summary
LDM parameter derivation
zstd/src/encoding/ldm/params.rs, zstd/src/encoding/ldm/params/tests.rs
Pinned hash and window logs determine the derived hash rate in the specified range. The bucket-size log is capped at the hash log, with tests for both rules.
BtUltra2 seed-pass condition
zstd/src/encoding/hc/generator.rs, zstd/src/encoding/match_generator/tests.rs
The BtUltra2 seed-pass condition no longer checks for an empty LDM sequence list. The test covers a first block with an LDM candidate.

Priority: ➖ Normal

Estimated code review effort: 5 (Critical) | ~120 minutes

Change: Other

Sequence Diagram(s)

sequenceDiagram
  participant CI as CI workflow
  participant CrossValidate as cross-validate.sh
  participant Validator as cross_validate.py
  participant ZstdBinaries as Supplied and reference zstd binaries
  participant Merger as merge-timeseries.py
  participant Dashboard as Cross-validation dashboard
  CI->>CrossValidate: Run validation for built CLI
  CrossValidate->>ZstdBinaries: Build reference CLI and prepare corpora
  CrossValidate->>Validator: Pass binaries and corpus paths
  Validator->>ZstdBinaries: Compress files and check three round trips
  Validator-->>CI: Return ratios, failures, and JSON snapshot
  CI->>Merger: Merge snapshot into benchmark-xval.json
  Dashboard->>Dashboard: Load snapshots and render selected corpus and level
Loading

Possibly related PRs

Merge Risk: 🔵 Low · up to 1d9a3

A narrow pass-through compatibility issue remains for short inputs with a gzip prefix. The help-text inconsistency is fixed; the remaining issue can be addressed as a bounded follow-up.

Pre-merge checks: Passed 4 · Failed 1

Failed Failed checks: 1 warning

Check name Status Explanation Resolution
Linked Issues check Warning #132 is only partly satisfied. The conformance, cross-validation, reverse-dependency, and dashboard changes address the main evidence objectives. The cross-validation summary names Silesia, Canterbury… Add the decodecorpus corpus to every required cross-validation level and direction. Make every size and time ratio pass the #132 limits, including Silesia at -3, or obtain an explicit requirement change. Add the checked-in ABI symbol sn…
Passed Passed checks: 4 passed
Check name Status Explanation
Description Check Passed Check skipped - CodeRabbit’s high-level summary is enabled.
Title check Passed The title clearly and specifically summarizes the main change: adding CI validation against upstream suites, the reference CLI, and real consumers to support the drop-in compatibility claim.
Out of Scope Changes check Passed The changes remain connected to #132. CLI and encoder changes support upstream conformance and reference compatibility. C API streaming and error changes support reverse dependencies and conformance. …
Docstring Coverage Passed Docstring coverage is 84.52% which is sufficient. The required threshold is 80.00%. Docstring coverage is scoped to functions touched by this diff. Analyzed 168 functions across 25 files. (3 skipped: …
Full details: Out of Scope Changes check

Explanation

The changes remain connected to #132. CLI and encoder changes support upstream conformance and reference compatibility. C API streaming and error changes support reverse dependencies and conformance. The cross-validation, reverse-dependency, conformance, CI, dashboard, and documentation changes provide the requested evidence. No unrelated change is demonstrated.

Full details: Docstring Coverage

Explanation

Docstring coverage is 84.52% which is sufficient. The required threshold is 80.00%. Docstring coverage is scoped to functions touched by this diff. Analyzed 168 functions across 25 files. (3 skipped: 3 unsupported.)

Full details: Linked Issues check

Explanation

#132 is only partly satisfied. The conformance, cross-validation, reverse-dependency, and dashboard changes address the main evidence objectives. The cross-validation summary names Silesia, Canterbury, and enwik8, but it does not establish the required decodecorpus corpus. The reported Silesia -3 time ratio reaches 1.52, which exceeds the 1.5 time gate. The reviewed c-api file list has no checked-in symbol_snapshot.rs, and the change evidence does not establish static size checks for ZSTD_inBuffer, ZSTD_outBuffer, and ZSTD_frameHeader. The conformance workflow summary does not establish a CI invocation of playTests.sh --test-large-data.

Resolution

Add the decodecorpus corpus to every required cross-validation level and direction. Make every size and time ratio pass the #132 limits, including Silesia at -3, or obtain an explicit requirement change. Add the checked-in ABI symbol snapshot with an exact CI comparison and static size assertions for all three required structs. Run playTests.sh --test-large-data in the required CI job.

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Reviewed commit: bfc7546a74

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Comment thread scripts/cross_validate.py
Comment thread zstd/src/bin/structured-zstd/main.rs Outdated
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Codecov Report

❌ Patch coverage is 97.85605% with 14 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.

Files with missing lines Patch % Lines
zstd/src/bin/structured-zstd/main.rs 97.62% 14 Missing ⚠️

📢 Thoughts on this report? Let us know!

polaz added 2 commits October 19, 2026 02:03
- `--format=zstd` now sets the format, so it overrides the one a tool
  name selects: `gzip --format=zstd f` writes zstd instead of refusing
  to write gzip.
- Whether a benchmark decodes follows the last operation flag in every
  spelling: `--decompress` and `--uncompress` count as `-d`, a later
  `-z` takes it back to compressing, and a tool name that decompresses
  (`unzstd -b`) starts it decoding.
- `-b -d` weighs the parsed dictionary (`-D` or `--patch-from`) with the
  frames and their decoded copy against `-M`; each could clear the limit
  alone and still exceed it together.
- cross_validate.py times each file as the fastest of `--repeat` (3)
  alternating runs per tool, so one preempted run cannot push a cell
  past the 1.5 time limit.

Regression tests: explicit_zstd_format_overrides_the_tool_name,
decode_only_benchmark_follows_the_last_operation_flag,
decoding_benchmark_counts_the_dictionary_against_the_memory_limit.
bsdtar with this library preloaded failed every archive holding
incompressible data: "Truncated zstd input". libarchive's reader counts
a frame as open while ZSTD_decompressStream returns non-zero and gives
up when its input runs out inside an open frame. When the last block
filled the output buffer, we took the frame's final byte, kept the rest
of its output and returned 1, so the reader saw a finished frame as
truncated and never called again for the remainder.

ZSTD_decompressStream now keeps that byte back while a fully decoded
frame still has output to hand out, so the caller still holds input and
calls again; the byte is taken, and 0 returned, once the output is out,
as upstream zstd does (zstd_decompress.c, hostageByte). A caller that
does not give the byte back is told the frame is not finished, and the
byte is never read as the next frame's start.

Regression test: a_finished_frame_reports_zero_by_its_last_input_byte
(libarchive's read loop). a_raw_block_larger_than_the_output_buffer_
reaches_the_end_of_the_frame covers libarchive's write loop, whose
output buffer is smaller than a raw block.
polaz added 2 commits October 19, 2026 02:39
- Every FrameDecoderError arm maps to its libzstd code, a refused
  descriptor is told apart, and each code carries libzstd's message.
- find_decompressed_size sums across a skippable frame, turns unknown on
  a frame without a size, and refuses overflowing sums, a bad header and
  a cut frame, each with its own error.
- The decoding benchmark refuses no input, stdin and a directory, and
  takes several files together or each under -S.
- The compressing run shows its parameters, notes the thread count,
  summarises empty inputs, refuses rsyncable beside one thread and a
  directory as input; overflowing numbers name their width; a
  non-usage refusal of the command line fails with a status.

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Actionable comments posted: 5

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🟡 Minor · Update the full help text for --rsyncable and --adapt. · main.rs:2321-2329

zstd/src/bin/structured-zstd/main.rs:2321-2329
📐 Maintainability & Code Quality | 🟡 Minor | ⚡ Quick win

Update the full help text for --rsyncable and --adapt.

The help text now contradicts the parser.

  • HELP_ADVANCED says --rsyncable is "Rejected rather than ignored ... (needs worker threads)".
  • After this change, "rsyncable" => opts.rsyncable = true accepts the flag.
  • single_thread_refusal now refuses --rsyncable and --adapt only beside --single-thread or -T0 when compressing.

As a result, zstd -H describes --rsyncable incorrectly. It also does not say that --adapt can be refused. Move --rsyncable to the "Accepted for compatibility" list and add the single-thread exception.

📝 Proposed help text fix
 Accepted for compatibility, with no effect here: -T#/--threads=#, --single-thread,
 --auto-threads, -B# and --block-size=# when compressing (the job size of a
-multi-threaded run), --adapt, --zstd=ovlog=#, --[no-]sparse,
+multi-threaded run), --adapt, --rsyncable, --zstd=ovlog=#, --[no-]sparse,
 --[no-]asyncio, --[no-]mmap-dict, --[no-]row-match-finder (compression runs
-single-threaded).
+single-threaded). --adapt and --rsyncable are refused beside --single-thread or -T0.
 
 Rejected rather than ignored, because they would change the result: --format=
-other than zstd, --rsyncable (needs worker threads), and -M/--memory below the
-enforced ceiling when decoding.
+other than zstd, and -M/--memory below the enforced ceiling when decoding.
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Review comment at @zstd/src/bin/structured-zstd/main.rs around lines 2321 -
2329:
Update HELP_ADVANCED to list --rsyncable as accepted for compatibility and
remove it from the rejected-options list. State that --adapt and --rsyncable are
refused when used with --single-thread or -T0.

  • 🪄 Fix comments: Fix CodeRabbit comments on this PR
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Inline comments:
Review comments at @scripts/cross_validate.py:
- Around line 45-55: Update the cross-validation timing checks around compress
so the --time-limit is enforced only when the summed reference_seconds meets a
configurable minimum floor; continue reporting the unmodified timing and
time_ratio for every row.

Review comments at @scripts/reverse-deps.sh:
- Around line 66-73: Update the zstdcat check to decode the same system.tar.zst
frame with system zstd and the bundled zstdcat, then compare their complete
outputs with cmp instead of comparing byte counts from different archives.

Review comments at @scripts/upstream-zstd.sh:
- Around line 20-30: Update fetch_verified to remove the file at $3 when its
SHA-256 digest does not match the expected value, before exiting, so a later run
can download a fresh copy.

Review comments at @zstd/src/bin/structured-zstd/main.rs:
- Around line 3931-3933: In benchmark_decoding, check the known input sizes plus
dictionary_bytes against opts.memory_limit before either read_inputs_bounded
call; use the largest input for separate benchmarking and the combined input
size otherwise. Preserve the existing full input-plus-decoded-plus-dictionary
check in benchmark_decoding_one.

Review comments at @zstd/src/decoding/errors.rs:
- Around line 858-860: Update the FrameDecoderError-to-ErrorCode mapping so
WindowTooBig wrapped in either FrameHeaderError or FailedToInitialize maps to
FrameParameterWindowTooLarge; keep the existing FrameParameterUnsupported
mapping for other errors.

---

Outside diff comments:
Review comments at @zstd/src/bin/structured-zstd/main.rs:
- Around line 2321-2329: Update HELP_ADVANCED to list --rsyncable as accepted
for compatibility and remove it from the rejected-options list. State that
--adapt and --rsyncable are refused when used with --single-thread or -T0.

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📒 Files selected for processing: 28
  • .github/bench-dashboard/index.html
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  • .github/workflows/ci.yml
  • BENCHMARKS.md
  • c-api/src/context.rs
  • c-api/src/error.rs
  • c-api/src/frame.rs
  • c-api/src/streaming.rs
  • c-api/src/tests.rs
  • c-api/src/tests/streams.rs
  • scripts/cross-validate.sh
  • scripts/cross_validate.py
  • scripts/reverse-deps.sh
  • scripts/upstream-conformance.sh
  • scripts/upstream-zstd.sh
  • zstd/src/bin/structured-zstd/display.rs
  • zstd/src/bin/structured-zstd/display/tests.rs
  • zstd/src/bin/structured-zstd/main.rs
  • zstd/src/bin/structured-zstd/tests.rs
  • zstd/src/decoding/errors.rs
  • zstd/src/decoding/errors/tests.rs
  • zstd/src/decoding/frame_inspection_tests.rs
  • zstd/src/decoding/mod.rs
  • zstd/src/encoding/hc/generator.rs
  • zstd/src/encoding/ldm/params.rs
  • zstd/src/encoding/ldm/params/tests.rs
  • zstd/src/encoding/match_generator/tests.rs

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Comment thread scripts/cross_validate.py
Comment thread scripts/reverse-deps.sh Outdated
Comment thread scripts/upstream-zstd.sh
Comment thread zstd/src/bin/structured-zstd/main.rs
Comment thread zstd/src/decoding/errors.rs

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Reviewed commit: 326769b89c

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Comment thread zstd/src/bin/structured-zstd/main.rs Outdated
Comment thread scripts/cross_validate.py Outdated
Comment thread .github/workflows/ci.yml Outdated
Comment thread scripts/cross_validate.py Outdated
Comment thread .github/bench-dashboard/index.html Outdated
- -b -d weighs -M against the inputs' sizes and the dictionary before
  reading any file, as every other -M check does; the decoded copy
  joins them once the frames declare it.
- A number overflowing its option is named by the type it is read into,
  not by its bound: on 32-bit targets size_t and u32 share a bound, and a
  size_t option was reported as a 32-bit unsigned int.
- The training run sums the sizes it is asked to load as u128, so sizes
  claimed by sparse files under -B cannot wrap the total or panic.
- A window past the format's maximum maps to the window-too-large code.
- -H lists --rsyncable as accepted and says --adapt and --rsyncable are
  refused beside one thread.
- cross_validate.py keeps empty files, refuses a corpus that is not
  NAME=DIR, holds the time limit only where the reference's summed time
  reaches --time-floor (start-up dominates below it), and writes the
  limits each record was held to; the dashboard draws them per snapshot.
- reverse-deps compares zstdcat's output with the system zstd's on the
  same frame, byte for byte; a download failing its digest is removed.
- cross-validate runs on main when its harness changes, not only the
  codec.

Regression tests: decoding_benchmark_weighs_the_memory_limit_before_reading,
training_size_total_does_not_wrap, decoder_errors_map_to_their_libzstd_codes
(window too large), an_overflowing_number_reports_its_width (failed on
i686 before the width was named).

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Comment thread .github/workflows/ci.yml
The job's arguments and build profile live in ci.yml, so a change there
alters the published methodology as much as one to the scripts.

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⚠️ Outside diff range comments (1)

🟡 Minor · Handle short input before checking foreign formats. · main.rs:6747-6751

zstd/src/bin/structured-zstd/main.rs:6747-6751
🎯 Functional Correctness | 🟡 Minor | ⚡ Quick win

Handle short input before checking foreign formats.

If pass-through is enabled and input contains only 1F 8B, foreign_format classifies the two bytes as gzip and refuses them. Upstream zstd v1.5.7 passes input shorter than four bytes through before checking formats. Check read == 4 before calling foreign_format so this short input is copied as requested. (raw.githubusercontent.com)

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Review comment at @zstd/src/bin/structured-zstd/main.rs around lines 6747 -
6751:
Update the foreign-format check around foreign_format to run only when read
equals four; let shorter input reach the existing pass-through handling so
inputs such as two-byte gzip prefixes are copied when pass-through is enabled.

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Outside diff comments:
Review comments at @zstd/src/bin/structured-zstd/main.rs:
- Around line 6747-6751: Update the foreign-format check around foreign_format
to run only when read equals four; let shorter input reach the existing
pass-through handling so inputs such as two-byte gzip prefixes are copied when
pass-through is enabled.

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@polaz polaz closed this Oct 19, 2026
polaz added a commit that referenced this pull request Oct 19, 2026
…rence CLI and real consumers (#610)

## Summary
- Upstream zstd's own command-line suites (v1.5.7 `tests/playTests.sh`
and `tests/cli-tests`) run against our `zstd` in CI on Linux and macOS,
and pass.
- Our CLI is cross-validated against the reference CLI on silesia,
canterbury, the first MiB of enwik8 and the decodecorpus fixtures: every
file round-trips both ways, and size and time ratios are held to 1.05
and 1.5 (time where the reference's run reaches a second, below which
process start-up dominates) and charted on the bench dashboard.
- Real programs built against the reference library run with ours
swapped in: GNU tar, zstdcat, bsdtar and rsync.
- The CLI and encoder fixes the suites needed.

## Changes
- CLI, matching the reference command where scripts read it: a level
past the scale is reduced, `-#` levels read as 32-bit values, the
summary stays under `-q --progress`, outputs take their source's
timestamps, a forced output may replace a later input, `-vv` prints the
compression parameters, `--train` replaces an existing dictionary and
refuses to compress the dictionary with itself, the training memory
limit and decoding failures are reported as the reference reports them,
`-b` with any spelling of decompression benchmarks decoding alone and
weighs `-M` before reading, `--format=zstd` overrides the format a tool
name selects, input shorter than a magic number passes through instead
of being named a foreign format, overflowing numbers are named by the
type they are read into, `-T` notes that multi-threading is disabled,
the other tool names (`zstdmt`, `unzstd`, `zstdcat`) are answered, sizes
and refusals use the reference's wording, and `--version` names this
tool.
- C ABI: `ZSTD_decompressStream` holds back a decoded frame's last input
byte until its output is all handed out, so a caller that stops on empty
input inside an open frame (libarchive's reader) does not see a finished
frame as truncated.
- Decoding errors map to libzstd's codes and messages
(`FrameDecoderError::code`, `ErrorCode`); `find_decompressed_size` sums
what a run of frames declares.
- Encoder: the LDM hash rate and bucket size are derived as upstream
derives them, and btultra2's statistics pass runs with long-distance
matching on.
- `scripts/upstream-conformance.sh` runs the pinned upstream suites; the
cases this build cannot run are listed in it with their reasons.
- `scripts/cross-validate.sh` + `scripts/cross_validate.py`: the
reference CLI built from the pinned release, corpora fetched against
their digests, both tools `--single-thread`.
- `scripts/reverse-deps.sh`: a preloaded run counts only when the
dynamic linker bound the program's `ZSTD_*` calls to our object; at
least three consumers must pass.
- CI: `conformance` and `reverse-deps` on every pull request;
`cross-validate` on push to main, publishing `benchmark-xval.json` to
the dashboard; `merge-wasm-bench.py` becomes the shared
`merge-timeseries.py`.
- Dashboard: a cross-validation section with the size and time ratios
per corpus and level over time; `BENCHMARKS.md` documents it.

## Testing
- fmt, clippy in every CI configuration, rustdoc, the codec suites, the
C ABI tests, the FFI parity tests and doctests pass locally; the CLI
tests pass on i686.
- On Linux x86_64: the upstream suites including `--test-large-data`,
the cross-validation matrix and the reverse-dependency run pass. The one
time ratio near its limit is silesia at `-3` (1.36-1.52), a codec gap
tracked in #606.

Replaces #609 (the same change, squashed).

Closes #132


<!-- This is an auto-generated comment: release notes by coderabbit.ai
-->
## Summary by CodeRabbit

* **New Features**
* Added cross-validation reporting that compares compression size and
speed across reference tools, datasets, and compression levels, with
results displayed across snapshots.
* Added frame-size inspection and more consistent error categories and
messages.
* Expanded CLI compatibility with familiar format aliases, decode-only
benchmarking, and improved file handling.

* **Improvements**
* Improved streaming decompression reliability and compression behavior.
  * Updated progress summaries and size formatting for clearer output.
* Added conformance and interoperability checks across supported
platforms and common tools.
<!-- end of auto-generated comment: release notes by coderabbit.ai -->
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test(ci): #28 Phase 6.7 — conformance + cross-validation + ABI snapshot + reverse-dep matrix

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