jscpd recognizes 224 formats. This list is generated from the tokenizer's format table, the same one jscpd --list prints.
- 130 formats are detected automatically from the file extension.
- 94 formats are registered but have no built-in extension: map one with
--formats-exts(jscpd --formats-exts "abap:abap" .) or a filename with--formats-names(jscpd --formats-names "Makefile:makefile" .) to scan them. - Extensionless scripts are classified by their
#!line (shebang detection).
Format names are what --format accepts (jscpd --format javascript,typescript .); file extensions are accepted there too (--format js,ts).
| Format | Extensions | Description |
|---|---|---|
actionscript |
.as |
Adobe ActionScript, scripting language for Flash and Flex applications. |
ada |
.ada |
Ada, strongly-typed language for systems and embedded programming. |
antlr4 |
.g4 |
ANTLR v4 grammar definition files. |
apex |
.cls, .trigger, .apex |
Salesforce Apex, strongly-typed OOP language for the Salesforce platform. |
apl |
.apl |
APL, array-oriented programming language. |
aspnet |
.asp, .aspx |
ASP.NET, Microsoft server-side web application files. |
astro |
.astro |
Astro, modern static-site builder component format mixing HTML, JS, and CSS. |
awk |
.awk |
AWK, text-processing scripting language. |
bash |
.sh, .ksh, .bash |
Bash and POSIX shell scripts. Also detected via shebang for extensionless scripts. |
basic |
.bas |
BASIC, beginner-oriented general-purpose programming language. |
bicep |
.bicep |
Azure Bicep, infrastructure-as-code DSL for Microsoft Azure. |
brainfuck |
.b, .bf |
Brainfuck, minimalist esoteric programming language. |
c |
.c, .z80 |
C, general-purpose low-level programming language. |
c-header |
.h |
C header files. Inherits c grammar. |
cfml |
.cfm |
ColdFusion Markup Language, server-side HTML template files. Inherits markup grammar. |
cfscript |
.cfc |
ColdFusion components written in CFScript. |
clojure |
.cljs, .clj, .cljc, .cljx, .edn |
Clojure, functional Lisp dialect for the JVM. |
cmake |
.cmake |
CMake build system scripts. |
coffeescript |
.coffee |
CoffeeScript, transpiled language that compiles to JavaScript. |
cpp |
.cpp, .c++, .cc, .cxx |
C++, systems programming language extending C with OOP. |
cpp-header |
.hpp, .h++, .hh, .hxx |
C++ header files. Inherits cpp grammar. |
crystal |
.cr |
Crystal, statically-typed language with Ruby-like syntax. |
csharp |
.cs |
C#, Microsoft's OOP language for .NET. |
css |
.css, .gss |
CSS, Cascading Style Sheets for web styling. |
csv |
.csv |
CSV, comma-separated values data files. |
d |
.d |
D, systems language combining C speed with modern safety features. |
dart |
.dart |
Dart, Google's client-optimized language used in Flutter. |
diff |
.diff, .patch |
Unified diff and patch files. |
dot |
.dot, .gv |
Graphviz DOT language for graph and network diagrams. |
eiffel |
.e |
Eiffel, OOP language with design-by-contract methodology. |
elm |
.elm |
Elm, functional language for front-end web development. |
erlang |
.erl, .erlang |
Erlang, concurrent functional language for distributed systems. |
excel-formula |
.xlsx, .xls |
Microsoft Excel spreadsheet files. |
fortran |
.f, .for, .f77, .f90 |
Fortran, scientific and numerical computing language. |
fsharp |
.fs |
F#, functional-first language for .NET. |
gdscript |
.gd |
GDScript, scripting language for the Godot game engine. |
gettext |
.po |
GNU gettext PO translation and localisation files. |
gherkin |
.feature |
Gherkin, BDD scenario language used in Cucumber and Behave. |
go |
.go |
Go, statically-typed compiled language from Google. |
graphql |
.graphql |
GraphQL, query language for APIs. |
groovy |
.groovy, .gradle |
Groovy, dynamic JVM language; also covers Gradle build files. |
haml |
.haml |
Haml, HTML abstraction markup language. |
handlebars |
.hb, .hbs, .handlebars |
Handlebars, logicless HTML templating language. |
haskell |
.hs, .lhs |
Haskell, purely functional programming language. |
haxe |
.hx, .hxml |
Haxe, cross-platform programming language and toolkit. |
hcl |
.tf, .hcl |
HashiCorp Configuration Language, used in Terraform and Vault. |
idris |
.idr |
Idris, dependently-typed functional programming language. |
ignore |
.gitignore |
Git and tool ignore-pattern files. |
ini |
.ini |
INI, simple key-value configuration file format. |
java |
.java |
Java, OOP language for the JVM. |
javascript |
.js, .es, .es6, .mjs, .cjs |
JavaScript, scripting language for the web and Node.js. |
json |
.json, .map, .jsonld |
JSON, JavaScript Object Notation data interchange format. |
json5 |
.json5 |
JSON5, relaxed JSON with comments and trailing commas. |
jsx |
.jsx |
JSX, JavaScript with embedded XML syntax for React. |
julia |
.jl |
Julia, high-performance language for scientific computing. |
kotlin |
.kt, .kts |
Kotlin, modern JVM language fully interoperable with Java. |
latex |
.tex |
LaTeX, document preparation and typesetting system. |
less |
.less |
Less, CSS preprocessor with variables, mixins, and nesting. |
lilypond |
.ly |
LilyPond, text-based music notation language. |
linker-script |
.ld |
GNU linker scripts for memory layout control. |
lisp |
.cl, .lisp, .el |
Common Lisp and Emacs Lisp source files. |
livescript |
.ls |
LiveScript, functional language that compiles to JavaScript. |
llvm |
.ll |
LLVM IR, LLVM Intermediate Representation text format. |
log |
.log |
Log files, structured or unstructured application output. |
lua |
.lua |
Lua, lightweight embeddable scripting language. |
markdown |
.md, .markdown, .mkd |
Markdown, lightweight markup language. Fenced code blocks are tokenized independently by language. |
markup |
.html, .htm, .xml, .xsl, .xslt, .svg, .ejs, .jsp |
HTML, XML, SVG, and similar markup languages. |
nsis |
.nsh, .nsi |
NSIS, Nullsoft Scriptable Install System scripts. |
objectivec |
.m, .mm |
Objective-C, C-based OOP language for Apple platforms. |
ocaml |
.ocaml, .ml, .mli, .mll, .mly |
OCaml, functional language with strong type inference. |
openqasm |
.qasm |
OpenQASM, open quantum assembly language. |
oz |
.oz |
Oz, multi-paradigm language for the Mozart Programming System. |
pascal |
.pas, .p |
Pascal, structured imperative programming language. |
perl |
.pl, .pm |
Perl, text-processing scripting language. |
php |
.php, .phtml |
PHP, server-side web scripting language. |
plant-uml |
.puml, .plantuml |
PlantUML, text-based UML diagram definition language. |
plsql |
.plsql |
PL/SQL, Oracle's procedural extension to SQL. |
powerquery |
.pq |
Power Query M, data transformation language for Microsoft tools. |
powershell |
.ps1, .psd1, .psm1 |
PowerShell, task automation and configuration management shell. |
prolog |
.pro |
Prolog, logic programming language. |
properties |
.properties |
Java .properties configuration files. |
protobuf |
.proto |
Protocol Buffers, Google's binary serialization schema language. |
pug |
.pug, .jade |
Pug (formerly Jade), high-performance HTML template engine. |
puppet |
.pp, .puppet |
Puppet, infrastructure-as-code configuration DSL. |
purescript |
.purs |
PureScript, strongly-typed functional language compiling to JavaScript. |
python |
.py, .pyx, .pxd, .pxi |
Python, high-level general-purpose programming language. |
q |
.q |
Q/kdb+, vector programming language for time-series databases. |
qsharp |
.qs |
Q#, Microsoft's quantum programming language. |
r |
.r, .R |
R, statistical computing and data visualisation language. |
racket |
.rkt |
Racket, Lisp-family language for language-oriented programming. |
razor |
.cshtml, .razor |
Razor, HTML with inlined C# code. |
rescript |
.res |
ReScript, fast typed language compiling to JavaScript. |
robotframework |
.robot |
Robot Framework, acceptance testing and RPA framework DSL. |
ruby |
.rb |
Ruby, dynamic expressive OOP scripting language. |
rust |
.rs |
Rust, systems language focused on memory safety and performance. |
sas |
.sas |
SAS, statistical analysis software language. |
sass |
.sass |
Sass, CSS extension language (indented syntax). |
scala |
.scala |
Scala, OOP and functional language for the JVM. |
scheme |
.scm, .ss |
Scheme, minimalist Lisp dialect. |
scss |
.scss |
SCSS, Sass CSS extension with C-style bracket syntax. |
smalltalk |
.st |
Smalltalk, pioneering OOP language and live environment. |
smarty |
.smarty, .tpl |
Smarty, PHP template engine. |
solidity |
.sol |
Solidity, smart contract language for Ethereum and EVM chains. |
soy |
.soy |
Google Closure Templates (Soy), type-safe HTML templating. |
sparql |
.rq |
SPARQL, RDF graph query language. |
sql |
.sql, .cql |
SQL, Structured Query Language for relational databases. |
stylus |
.styl, .stylus |
Stylus, expressive dynamic CSS preprocessor. |
svelte |
.svelte |
Svelte, reactive component framework with compiled templates. |
swift |
.swift |
Swift, Apple's modern language for iOS and macOS development. |
tap |
.tap |
TAP, Test Anything Protocol output format. |
tcl |
.tcl |
Tcl, embeddable tool command language. |
textile |
.textile |
Textile, lightweight markup language for web content. |
toml |
.toml |
TOML, Tom's Obvious Minimal Language configuration format. |
tsx |
.tsx |
TSX, TypeScript with embedded JSX syntax for React. |
tt2 |
.tt2 |
Template Toolkit 2, Perl-based templating language. |
turtle |
.ttl |
Turtle, Terse RDF Triple Language for semantic web data. |
twig |
.twig |
Twig, flexible fast PHP templating engine. |
txt |
.txt |
Plain text files. |
typescript |
.ts, .mts, .cts |
TypeScript, statically typed superset of JavaScript. |
unrealscript |
.uc |
UnrealScript, scripting language for Unreal Engine 3. |
vbnet |
.vb |
Visual Basic .NET, Microsoft's OOP language for .NET. |
velocity |
.vtl |
Apache Velocity, Java-based template engine. |
verilog |
.v |
Verilog, hardware description language for digital circuits. |
vhdl |
.vhd, .vhdl |
VHDL, VHSIC Hardware Description Language. |
vue |
.vue |
Vue Single-File Component, combining template, script, and style blocks. |
wgsl |
.wgsl |
WGSL, WebGPU Shading Language. |
wolfram |
.wl, .nb |
Wolfram Language, symbolic language used in Mathematica. |
xquery |
.xy, .xquery |
XQuery, query and transformation language for XML databases. |
yaml |
.yaml, .yml |
YAML, human-readable data serialisation format. |
zig |
.zig |
Zig, low-level systems programming language with no hidden control flow. |
Activate one of these with --formats-exts "<format>:<ext>[,<ext>]".
| Format | Description |
|---|---|
abap |
SAP ABAP, Advanced Business Application Programming language for SAP systems. |
abnf |
Augmented Backus-Naur Form grammar notation. |
agda |
Agda, dependently-typed functional programming language. |
apacheconf |
Apache HTTP Server configuration files. |
applescript |
AppleScript, macOS automation scripting language. |
aql |
AQL, ArangoDB query language. |
arduino |
Arduino, C++ dialect for microcontroller sketches. |
arff |
ARFF, Weka attribute-relation file format for machine learning datasets. |
armasm |
ARM assembly language. |
asciidoc |
AsciiDoc, text document format for technical writing. |
asm6502 |
MOS 6502 assembly language. |
autohotkey |
AutoHotkey, Windows automation and hotkey scripting language. |
autoit |
AutoIt, Windows GUI automation scripting language. |
batch |
Windows batch and cmd scripts. |
bison |
GNU Bison parser generator grammar files. |
bnf |
BNF, Backus-Naur Form grammar notation. |
bro |
Bro/Zeek, network traffic analysis scripting language. |
clike |
|
cobol |
COBOL, common business-oriented language. |
comments |
|
csp |
Content Security Policy header files. |
css-extras |
Extended CSS at-rules and selector patterns. |
cypher |
Cypher, graph query language for Neo4j. |
dhall |
Dhall, programmable total configuration language. |
django |
Django/Jinja2, Python web framework HTML template language. |
dns-zone-file |
DNS zone file format. |
docker |
Dockerfile, Docker container image build instructions. |
ebnf |
EBNF, Extended Backus-Naur Form grammar notation. |
editorconfig |
.editorconfig, per-directory editor configuration format. |
elixir |
Elixir, functional language built on Erlang/BEAM. |
erb |
ERB, Embedded Ruby HTML templating. |
factor |
Factor, concatenative stack-based programming language. |
flow |
Flow, Facebook's static type checker annotations for JavaScript. |
ftl |
FreeMarker Template Language, Java-based template engine. |
gcode |
G-code, CNC machine tool programming language. |
gedcom |
GEDCOM, genealogical data interchange format. |
git |
Git configuration and commit message files. |
glsl |
GLSL, OpenGL Shading Language. |
gml |
GML, GameMaker Language for game logic and events. |
go-module |
Go module files (go.mod and go.sum). |
hlsl |
HLSL, High-Level Shading Language for DirectX. |
hpkp |
|
hsts |
|
http |
HTTP request and response message format. |
ichigojam |
IchigoJam BASIC, beginner BASIC for the IchigoJam microcomputer. |
icon |
Icon, high-level general-purpose programming language. |
inform7 |
Inform 7, natural language interactive fiction authoring system. |
io |
Io, prototype-based OOP language with concurrency primitives. |
j |
J, high-performance array programming language (successor to APL). |
jolie |
Jolie, service-oriented programming language for microservices. |
jq |
jq, JSON query and transformation language. |
keymap |
|
kusto |
KQL/Kusto, Azure Data Explorer and Log Analytics query language. |
liquid |
Liquid, Shopify's safe customer-facing templating language. |
lolcode |
LOLCODE, humorous esoteric programming language. |
makefile |
GNU Make build scripts. |
matlab |
MATLAB, matrix-oriented numerical computing language. |
mel |
MEL, Maya Embedded Language for Autodesk Maya automation. |
mermaid |
Mermaid, diagram-as-code definition language. |
mizar |
Mizar, formal mathematics and proof assistant language. |
mongodb |
MongoDB shell and aggregation pipeline query language. |
monkey |
Monkey, cross-platform game development language. |
n1ql |
N1QL, Couchbase's SQL-like query language for JSON documents. |
n4js |
N4JS, typed JavaScript superset by NumberFour. |
nasm |
NASM, Netwide Assembler x86 assembly syntax. |
nginx |
Nginx web server configuration files. |
nim |
Nim, statically-typed compiled systems language. |
nix |
Nix, purely functional package manager configuration language. |
odin |
Odin, data-oriented systems programming language. |
opencl |
OpenCL, open standard for parallel programming across CPUs and GPUs. |
parigp |
PARI/GP, computer algebra system scripting language. |
processing |
Processing, visual arts and creative coding language. |
promql |
PromQL, Prometheus time-series query language. |
pure |
Pure, functional language based on term rewriting. |
qore |
Qore, high-level multi-threaded programming language. |
reason |
ReasonML, OCaml-based language with JavaScript-friendly syntax. |
regex |
Regular expression patterns. |
rego |
Rego, Open Policy Agent (OPA) policy language. |
renpy |
Ren'Py, visual novel scripting language. |
rest |
reStructuredText, documentation markup language used in Sphinx. |
rip |
Rip, object-oriented scripting language. |
roboconf |
Roboconf, graph-based distributed application deployment language. |
shell-session |
Shell session transcripts with prompt markers. |
smali |
Smali, Android Dalvik bytecode assembly language. |
stata |
Stata, statistical analysis and data management language. |
typoscript |
TypoScript, TYPO3 CMS configuration and templating language. |
uri |
|
vala |
Vala, OOP language that compiles to C for GNOME applications. |
vim |
VimScript, Vim editor scripting and configuration language. |
visual-basic |
|
wasm |
WebAssembly text format (WAT). |
wiki |
MediaWiki markup language. |
xeora |
Xeora, ASP.NET-style web framework template language. |
xojo |
Xojo, cross-platform RAD development language. |
--format also accepts these aliases:
| Alias | Format |
|---|---|
golang |
go |
node |
javascript |
shell |
bash |
zsh |
bash |
Files without an extension are classified by the interpreter named on their first #! line:
| Interpreter | Detected as |
|---|---|
python3, python |
python |
node, nodejs |
javascript |
ruby |
ruby |
bash, /sh |
bash |
perl |
perl |
php |
php |