diff --git a/crates/vedit-cli/src/author.rs b/crates/vedit-cli/src/author.rs
index f1a84ce..43edf65 100644
--- a/crates/vedit-cli/src/author.rs
+++ b/crates/vedit-cli/src/author.rs
@@ -1,10 +1,7 @@
-use anyhow::Result;
+use anyhow::{Result, bail};
 use vedit_core::commit::Author;
 
-/// Resolve commit authorship from env vars first, then a git config sniff,
-/// then a default. We deliberately do not read .vedit/config yet; that
-/// arrives when there's a repo-level config story.
-pub fn resolve() -> Result<Author> {
+pub fn resolve_authors() -> Result<Vec<Author>> {
     let name = std::env::var("VEDIT_AUTHOR_NAME")
         .ok()
         .or_else(git_config_value("user.name"))
@@ -13,7 +10,35 @@ pub fn resolve() -> Result<Author> {
         .ok()
         .or_else(git_config_value("user.email"))
         .unwrap_or_else(|| "unknown@local".to_string());
-    Ok(Author { name, email })
+    let mut authors = vec![Author { name, email }];
+    if let Ok(raw) = std::env::var("VEDIT_CO_AUTHORS") {
+        authors.extend(parse_author_list(&raw)?);
+    }
+    Ok(authors)
+}
+
+fn parse_author_list(raw: &str) -> Result<Vec<Author>> {
+    raw.split(';')
+        .map(str::trim)
+        .filter(|entry| !entry.is_empty())
+        .map(parse_author)
+        .collect()
+}
+
+fn parse_author(raw: &str) -> Result<Author> {
+    let Some((name, rest)) = raw.split_once('<') else {
+        bail!("invalid co-author {raw:?}: expected `Name <email>`");
+    };
+    let Some((email, trailing)) = rest.split_once('>') else {
+        bail!("invalid co-author {raw:?}: expected `Name <email>`");
+    };
+    if !trailing.trim().is_empty() || name.trim().is_empty() || email.trim().is_empty() {
+        bail!("invalid co-author {raw:?}: expected `Name <email>`");
+    }
+    Ok(Author {
+        name: name.trim().to_string(),
+        email: email.trim().to_string(),
+    })
 }
 
 fn git_config_value(key: &'static str) -> impl FnOnce() -> Option<String> {
@@ -34,3 +59,35 @@ fn git_config_value(key: &'static str) -> impl FnOnce() -> Option<String> {
         }
     }
 }
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn parses_semicolon_separated_co_author_list() {
+        let authors =
+            parse_author_list("Alice Example <alice@example.com>; Vedit Agent <agent@vedit.local>")
+                .unwrap();
+
+        assert_eq!(
+            authors,
+            vec![
+                Author {
+                    name: "Alice Example".to_string(),
+                    email: "alice@example.com".to_string(),
+                },
+                Author {
+                    name: "Vedit Agent".to_string(),
+                    email: "agent@vedit.local".to_string(),
+                }
+            ]
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn rejects_invalid_co_author_entry() {
+        let err = parse_author_list("not an author").unwrap_err();
+        assert!(err.to_string().contains("expected `Name <email>`"));
+    }
+}
diff --git a/crates/vedit-cli/src/cmd/commit.rs b/crates/vedit-cli/src/cmd/commit.rs
index 1860c44..46abaaa 100644
--- a/crates/vedit-cli/src/cmd/commit.rs
+++ b/crates/vedit-cli/src/cmd/commit.rs
@@ -26,8 +26,8 @@ pub fn run(timeline_path: &Path, message: Option<&str>) -> Result<()> {
     };
 
     let timeline_hash = repo.write_timeline(&timeline_value)?;
-    let author = author::resolve()?;
-    let commit_hash = repo.commit(&timeline_hash, author, &resolved_message)?;
+    let authors = author::resolve_authors()?;
+    let commit_hash = repo.commit_with_authors(&timeline_hash, authors, &resolved_message)?;
 
     println!(
         "[{} {}] {}",
diff --git a/crates/vedit-cli/src/cmd/log.rs b/crates/vedit-cli/src/cmd/log.rs
index cc0ffed..b0c9556 100644
--- a/crates/vedit-cli/src/cmd/log.rs
+++ b/crates/vedit-cli/src/cmd/log.rs
@@ -32,15 +32,35 @@ pub fn run(refstr: &str) -> Result<()> {
             format!("  ({})", tags.join(", "))
         };
         println!(
-            "{}  {}{}",
+            "{}  {}{}{}",
             short(hash),
             commit.message.lines().next().unwrap_or(""),
+            author_summary(commit),
             tag_str
         );
     }
     Ok(())
 }
 
+fn author_summary(commit: &vedit_core::commit::Commit) -> String {
+    match commit.authors.as_slice() {
+        [] => String::new(),
+        [author] => format!("  by {}", format_author(author)),
+        [author, rest @ ..] => format!(
+            "  by {}; co-authors: {}",
+            format_author(author),
+            rest.iter()
+                .map(format_author)
+                .collect::<Vec<_>>()
+                .join(", ")
+        ),
+    }
+}
+
+fn format_author(author: &vedit_core::commit::Author) -> String {
+    format!("{} <{}>", author.name, author.email)
+}
+
 fn short(hash: &str) -> String {
     let body = hash.strip_prefix(object::HASH_PREFIX).unwrap_or(hash);
     body.chars().take(7).collect()
diff --git a/crates/vedit-cli/src/cmd/merge.rs b/crates/vedit-cli/src/cmd/merge.rs
index 3059c47..86dd589 100644
--- a/crates/vedit-cli/src/cmd/merge.rs
+++ b/crates/vedit-cli/src/cmd/merge.rs
@@ -119,10 +119,10 @@ pub fn run(target: &str, options: MergeOptions) -> Result<()> {
                 .message
                 .unwrap_or_else(|| format!("Merge branch '{target}' into {current_branch}"));
 
-            let commit_hash = repo.commit_with_parents(
+            let commit_hash = repo.commit_with_parents_and_authors(
                 &timeline_hash,
                 vec![head_hash.clone(), target_hash.clone()],
-                author::resolve()?,
+                author::resolve_authors()?,
                 &message,
             )?;
 
diff --git a/crates/vedit-cli/src/cmd/show.rs b/crates/vedit-cli/src/cmd/show.rs
index 46d517d..27a424e 100644
--- a/crates/vedit-cli/src/cmd/show.rs
+++ b/crates/vedit-cli/src/cmd/show.rs
@@ -14,6 +14,9 @@ pub fn run(refstr: &str) -> Result<()> {
 
     println!("commit {}", short(&hash));
     println!("Author: {} <{}>", commit.author.name, commit.author.email);
+    for co_author in commit.authors.iter().skip(1) {
+        println!("Co-author: {} <{}>", co_author.name, co_author.email);
+    }
     println!("Date:   {}", commit.timestamp);
     println!();
     for line in commit.message.lines() {
diff --git a/crates/vedit-cli/src/cmd/watch.rs b/crates/vedit-cli/src/cmd/watch.rs
index 09b17df..55da05b 100644
--- a/crates/vedit-cli/src/cmd/watch.rs
+++ b/crates/vedit-cli/src/cmd/watch.rs
@@ -158,8 +158,8 @@ fn attempt_commit(
     };
 
     let timeline_hash = repo.write_timeline(&timeline_value)?;
-    let author = author::resolve()?;
-    let commit_hash = repo.commit(&timeline_hash, author, &message)?;
+    let authors = author::resolve_authors()?;
+    let commit_hash = repo.commit_with_authors(&timeline_hash, authors, &message)?;
 
     Ok(Some(CommitRecord {
         commit_hash,
diff --git a/crates/vedit-core/src/commit.rs b/crates/vedit-core/src/commit.rs
index e456d3b..fd9f962 100644
--- a/crates/vedit-core/src/commit.rs
+++ b/crates/vedit-core/src/commit.rs
@@ -1,8 +1,9 @@
 //! Commit objects.
 
-use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
+use anyhow::{Result, bail};
+use serde::{Deserialize, Deserializer, Serialize};
 
-#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Serialize)]
 pub struct Commit {
     /// Always `"vedit.commit.1"` for now. Future-proofs the on-disk format.
     pub schema: String,
@@ -11,7 +12,10 @@ pub struct Commit {
     /// Hashes of parent commits. The initial commit has an empty array;
     /// non-merge commits have one parent; merges have two or more.
     pub parents: Vec<String>,
+    /// Primary author, kept for compatibility with older callers.
     pub author: Author,
+    /// Primary author followed by any co-authors.
+    pub authors: Vec<Author>,
     pub timestamp: String,
     pub message: String,
 }
@@ -32,13 +36,118 @@ impl Commit {
         timestamp: String,
         message: String,
     ) -> Self {
-        Self {
+        Self::new_with_authors(timeline, parents, vec![author], timestamp, message)
+            .expect("single-author commit always has one author")
+    }
+
+    pub fn new_with_authors(
+        timeline: String,
+        parents: Vec<String>,
+        authors: Vec<Author>,
+        timestamp: String,
+        message: String,
+    ) -> Result<Self> {
+        let Some(author) = authors.first().cloned() else {
+            bail!("commit requires at least one author");
+        };
+        Ok(Self {
             schema: Self::SCHEMA.to_string(),
             timeline,
             parents,
             author,
+            authors,
             timestamp,
             message,
+        })
+    }
+}
+
+impl<'de> Deserialize<'de> for Commit {
+    fn deserialize<D>(deserializer: D) -> std::result::Result<Self, D::Error>
+    where
+        D: Deserializer<'de>,
+    {
+        #[derive(Deserialize)]
+        struct CommitWire {
+            schema: String,
+            timeline: String,
+            parents: Vec<String>,
+            author: Author,
+            #[serde(default)]
+            authors: Vec<Author>,
+            timestamp: String,
+            message: String,
         }
+
+        let wire = CommitWire::deserialize(deserializer)?;
+        let authors = if wire.authors.is_empty() {
+            vec![wire.author]
+        } else {
+            wire.authors
+        };
+        let author = authors
+            .first()
+            .cloned()
+            .ok_or_else(|| serde::de::Error::custom("commit requires at least one author"))?;
+        Ok(Self {
+            schema: wire.schema,
+            timeline: wire.timeline,
+            parents: wire.parents,
+            author,
+            authors,
+            timestamp: wire.timestamp,
+            message: wire.message,
+        })
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+    use serde_json::json;
+
+    fn author(name: &str, email: &str) -> Author {
+        Author {
+            name: name.to_string(),
+            email: email.to_string(),
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn new_with_authors_preserves_primary_author_and_all_authors() {
+        let primary = author("Alice", "alice@example.com");
+        let agent = author("Vedit Agent", "agent@vedit.local");
+
+        let commit = Commit::new_with_authors(
+            "timeline".to_string(),
+            vec!["parent".to_string()],
+            vec![primary.clone(), agent.clone()],
+            "2026-05-21T00:00:00Z".to_string(),
+            "pair edit".to_string(),
+        )
+        .unwrap();
+
+        assert_eq!(commit.author, primary);
+        assert_eq!(commit.authors, vec![primary, agent]);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn deserializes_legacy_single_author_commit_as_single_author_list() {
+        let value = json!({
+            "schema": Commit::SCHEMA,
+            "timeline": "timeline",
+            "parents": [],
+            "author": {
+                "name": "Legacy",
+                "email": "legacy@example.com"
+            },
+            "timestamp": "2026-05-21T00:00:00Z",
+            "message": "old"
+        });
+
+        let commit: Commit = serde_json::from_value(value).unwrap();
+
+        assert_eq!(commit.author.name, "Legacy");
+        assert_eq!(commit.authors, vec![commit.author.clone()]);
     }
 }
diff --git a/crates/vedit-core/src/repo.rs b/crates/vedit-core/src/repo.rs
index 111d7b3..5e50bb4 100644
--- a/crates/vedit-core/src/repo.rs
+++ b/crates/vedit-core/src/repo.rs
@@ -295,6 +295,16 @@ impl Repo {
     /// the current HEAD (if any), and update HEAD's branch to point at
     /// it. Returns the new commit's hash.
     pub fn commit(&self, timeline_hash: &str, author: Author, message: &str) -> Result<String> {
+        self.commit_with_authors(timeline_hash, vec![author], message)
+    }
+
+    /// Create a commit with one primary author followed by any co-authors.
+    pub fn commit_with_authors(
+        &self,
+        timeline_hash: &str,
+        authors: Vec<Author>,
+        message: &str,
+    ) -> Result<String> {
         let parent = match self.head()? {
             HeadState::Branch(name) => self.branch_target(&name)?,
             HeadState::Detached(_) => {
@@ -303,13 +313,13 @@ impl Repo {
         };
         let parents = parent.into_iter().collect();
 
-        let commit = Commit::new(
+        let commit = Commit::new_with_authors(
             timeline_hash.to_string(),
             parents,
-            author,
+            authors,
             Utc::now().format("%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%SZ").to_string(),
             message.to_string(),
-        );
+        )?;
         let commit_value = serde_json::to_value(&commit)?;
         let commit_hash = self.write_timeline(&commit_value)?;
         // ^ write_timeline writes any JSON object, not just timelines.
@@ -337,13 +347,23 @@ impl Repo {
         author: Author,
         message: &str,
     ) -> Result<String> {
-        let commit = Commit::new(
+        self.commit_with_parents_and_authors(timeline_hash, parents, vec![author], message)
+    }
+
+    pub fn commit_with_parents_and_authors(
+        &self,
+        timeline_hash: &str,
+        parents: Vec<String>,
+        authors: Vec<Author>,
+        message: &str,
+    ) -> Result<String> {
+        let commit = Commit::new_with_authors(
             timeline_hash.to_string(),
             parents,
-            author,
+            authors,
             chrono::Utc::now().format("%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%SZ").to_string(),
             message.to_string(),
-        );
+        )?;
         let commit_value = serde_json::to_value(&commit)?;
         let commit_hash = self.write_timeline(&commit_value)?;